STEMI on the Forehead !

Amin H. Karim MD
Institute for Academic Medicine
Houston, Texas

Today a 65 year old patient showed up in the office. He had not seen me for last 5 years for whatever reason and now needed a surgical clearance. He worked as a RN at a Houston Hospital and subsequently at the VA Hospital;

I did a routine EKG as follows:

It was unchanged from his previous EKGs from years ago. When he was following with me, he had a cardiac workup including imaging tests showing normal coronaries.

On taking his interval history, I found some interesting facts. While working at the VA he had some atypical chest pain. He went to the ER and had an EKG and was seen by a cardiologist stat. He was rushed to the catheterization lab and had a diagnostic cardiac catheterization which showed normal coronaries. A few months later he had similar chest pain and again went to the ER at a premier hospital in town for evaluation. An EKG was done and STEMI was called immediately. He protested to the cardiologist that he had cardiac catheterization a few months ago and that it was normal! The cardiologist was insistent that he have another one since his EKG showed that he was having a heart attack and could die. His protests were to no avail and he was rushed to the lab and had another diagnostic cardiac study which of course showed normal coronaries. The cardiologist came and apologised to him for not listening to him.

Now it was my turn to beat him on the head and tell him: ” You have STEMI written on your forehead. Wherever, you go you will be treated with emergency response and the STEMI will be summoned and you will be rushed in an elevator with a security guard holding it! Once in the cath lab you will be surrounded by a frantic team counting minutes!

So this is what you are going to do. You will take a copy of your EKG, go to Office Depot and have it reduced and laminated; then carry it with you in your wallet and if you land in the ER and before they wheel you away to the cath lab, show them the EKG and tell them that your EKG is always abnormal and that they should compare to see if there are any changes. Otherwise you will someday end up with a clot in your hand or leg or some other complication!

I think he got the message.

No offence meant and take it in the lighter vein, but I am sure every interventional cardiologist taking emergency calls faces these alarms and the 90 minutes door to balloon time does not allow much margin to hunt for old EKGs!

Amin H. Karim MD
September 27 2024

The Hyper Excited EKG

By Amin H. Karim MD
Parth Desai MD (Interventional Fellow)

CASE REPORT:
A 61 year old Caucasian female presented with sever chest pains for 3-4 hours.
EKG was obtained.

We put it through our panel to see if they could figure out the location of the culprit lesion in this STEMI patient. The answers ranged from a large dominant circumflex or RCA to a combined lesion in the LCX and LAD.
Take a moment and see if you can tell the location of the lesion. Perhaps you can use the chart that was went by Dr. Syed Fazal:


Cath showed the following:

A subtotal occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery before the obtuse marginal takeoff. It does not look that this distal circumflex supplies the anterior wall or the apex of the left ventricle.
Here is the view of the LAD (Left anterior descending) coronary artery showing there is no obvious lesion or any cut off to suggest that there may have been a clot in the artery which would have caused the anterior wall changes in the EKG.

We crossed the LCX lesion using a whisper wire, pre dilated it and placed a 3×18 mm Synergy DES with a satisfactory result.

So the question remains, why the extensive changes on the EKG when the lesion is localized and one would have expected changes in the inferior or inferior and lateral leads. Could the patient have a hypercoagulable state? malignancy?. There is no evidence of spontaneous dissection. Concomitant spasm in the LAD with the thrombus in the LCX is a possibility (reported by us in 1990’s and the two published articles are on this website). her troponins peaked at 8500. Echocardiogram showed wall motion abnormalities as follows:


EKG done the next day. Patient did well clinically. The global ejection fraction was 45-49%.
Incidentally patient also took Adderal of and on for attention deficit disorder. There are reports that these drugs can increase the incidence of cardiovascular events.
INDEBTED TO COMMENTS ON THIS CASE BY:
Prof. Salman Arain
Dr. Syed Arman Raza
Dr. Farhan Katchi
Dr. Zubair Mohammad Syed
Dr. Syed Fazal
Dr. Usman Mustafa